Most common causes of pain: headaches


        MOST COMMON CAUSES OF PAIN: HEADACHES
Headache is One of the most common painful afflictions seen by general practitioners and yet it is often not taken seriously by doctors.
According to Canadian neurologist Prof. John Edmeads, speaking at the 4th International Headache Congress nine out of ten women and about seven in 10 men get headaches. In cases where the pain is so severe that it disrupts normal life, headache is no trivial thing.
Symptoms which could indicate serious disease include sudden onset, clouded consciousness, associated fever, scalp tenderness and the presence of other neurological symptoms.
In most chronic headache sufferers pathology tests will be of limited value. However the eyes should be checked with an ophthalmoscope to assess the condition of the back of the eyes for the presence of blood vessel abnormalities, or evidence that the pressure inside the head may be raised. The blood pressure must be measured and the patient's field of vision should be checked.
CT scans can be used to exclude tumours or other causes of raised brain pressure.
About 95% of all headaches are said to be benign. In 1988 the International Headache Society classified headaches into 13 groups.
• Tension type headaches
• Migraine
• Cluster headache and chronic paroxysmal hemicrania
• Miscellaneous headache not associated with structural lesion
Headache associated with
• Head trauma
• Vascular disorders
• Non-vascular intracranial disorder
• Substances or their withdrawal
• Non-cephalic infection
• Metabolic disorder
• Headache or facial pain associated with disorders of the cranium, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other cranial or facial structures
• Cranial neuralgias, nerve-trunk pain and de-afferentiation pain
• Unclassifiable headaches
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